The History of Hadestown

Marian Call. (2010, Feb. 1). “Anais Mitchell” [Image]. Flickr. https://flic.kr/p/7zTwTm.

Anaïs Mitchell performing at a local Vermont gig in 2010

Marian Call. (2010, Feb. 1). “Anais Mitchell” [Image]. Flickr.

The Road to Hadestown

ANAÏS MITCHELL, THE SONGBIRD

Hadestown was created, written, and composed by Anaïs Mitchell, a folk singer-songwriter from Vermont (Browne, 2019). While she is a Tony Award-winning book and score writer today, Broadway was never in Mitchell’s sight growing up. Her father was a novelist, teacher, and environmentalist who raised her on the music of Santana, Bob Dylan, Leonard Cohen, and Joni Mitchell, inspiring Anaïs to become a folk artist herself (Browne, 2019). She learned how to play violin and guitar and began writing her own music to perform at local venues and folk festivals. After graduating with a degree from Middlebury College in Vermont in 2004, she was signed to Righteous Babe Records, an independent label run by her singer-songwriter hero, Ani DiFranco (Browne, 2019). Anaïs Mitchell’s folk music background makes her a unique musical theatre composer. While most Broadway songwriters primarily compose their scores on piano, Mitchell wrote Hadestown on guitar and violin, enabling her to imagine melodies for more diverse vocal types (Talks at Google, 2019).

Mitchell claims the idea for Hadestown first came to her while driving to see her long-distance boyfriend in her early twenties. She remembers the following lyrics came to her in the car: 

“Wait for me, I’m coming / In my garters and pearls / With what melody did you barter me / From the wicked underworld?” (Mitchell, 2020, p. 128). 

While those original lyrics did not make it into the final show, its melody is the base of “Wait For Me.” To her, the words evoked an old story she read as a kid: the myth of Orpheus and Eurydice (Mitchell, 2020, p. 128). Mitchell was always drawn to Greek mythology, having loved D’Aulaires’ Book of Greek Myths as a child (Browne, 2019). She told the New York Times in 2019 that she loved the Orpheus and Eurydice myth because “it’s a tragic story that’s set up for the Hollywood ending and you don’t get it… There’s something about it that feels real, about the frailty of man.’” (Browne, 2019). So, she began writing a folk opera based on her favorite myth, under the working title “A Crack in the Wall” (Mitchell, 2020, p. 3). In 2006, she replaced the name with “Hadestown” (Mitchell, 2020, p. 83). 

Anaïs Mitchell’s favorite childhood book

D’Aulaire, I. & D’Aulaire, E.P. (2017). D’Aulaire’s Book of Greek Myths. Penguin Random House (Original work published 1962).

Making the Myth Her Own

Instead of setting the story in Ancient Greece or the present day, Mitchell decided to ground her mythic retelling in Depression Era 1930s America. Through this, Mitchell could play with more diverse, jazzy sounds of American swing music and comment on the modern issues of climate change using the Dust Bowl setting (Browne, 2019). In 2006, Hadestown made its stage debut at a small theatre in Vermont for two weekends of shows (Mitchell, 2020, p. 3). Then, Mitchell took the show on the road for a “mini-tour of Vermont, traveling through blizzards in a silver school bus full of sets and props” (Mitchell, 2020, p. 3).

Poster for the original Hadestown Vermont Tour

Grunert, B. & Staszak, T. (2020). “Hadestown Poster, Vermont, 2006” [Poster]. In A. Mitchell, Working on a Song: The Lyrics of Hadestown. Penguin Random House, p. 258.

Ben t. Matchstick. (2021, Apr. 20). “Hadestown Highlights, 2007 Vermont production” [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=31oHm53kpwA

Anais Mitchell. (2021, Nov. 4). “Anaïs Mitchell - Bright Star (Live Performance Video)” [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/2BAFjjqSxrg?si=PEUMBQ5O5Zvc1hul.

HADESTOWN, THE CONCEPT ALBUM

The Hadestown project sat dormant for a year while Mitchell worked on her solo album with Righteous Babe Records, The Brightness (Mitchell, 2007). Then, she decided to turn the folk opera project into an album, much like Tim Rice and Andrew Lloyd Webber did for Jesus Christ Superstar. Using the small fanbase she amassed from her new record, she crowd-funded the resources to record the Hadestown concept album over the course of 2009 (Browne, 2019). Mitchell played Euridyce, and she enlisted many of her friends to play the rest of the cast, including Justin Vernon (Bon Iver) as Orpheus and Ani DiFranco as Persephone (Mitchell, 2010). On March 9, 2010, Hadestown the album was released to critical praise (Mitchell, 2010).

“Anaïs Mitchell – Hadestown” [Image]. Discogs. https://www.discogs.com/release/11859570-Anaïs-Mitchell-Hadestown/image/SW1hZ2U6MzM3NjYxODI=.

Gatefold for Anaïs Mitchell’s 2010 Hadestown Concept Album

“Anaïs Mitchell – Hadestown” [Image]. Discogs.

Anais Mitchell. (2018, Nov. 9). “Epic, Pt. 1” [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/czaLp1_f4uw?si=aQ0s01QaVvnlUG9g.

Anais Mitchell. (2018, Nov. 9). “Way Down Hadestown” [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/JoeqvPuHwO8?si=buVfYC6OpslBEoFo.

Lovekin, S. (2019, Apr. 19). “Hadestown Bows” [Image]. Variety. https://variety.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/rexfeatures_10213020c.jpg?w=1000&h=667&crop=1&resize=1920%2C1280.

Original Broadway cast of Hadestown

Lovekin, S. (2019, Apr. 19). “Hadestown Bows” [Image]. Variety.

The Journey to Broadway

WORKSHOPPING HADESTOWN

Anaïs Mitchell met director Rachel Chavkin in 2012, and the rest was history. The rising musical theatre visionary was the perfect creative partner to help Mitchell finesse her show. Together, they revised Hadestown for the New York Theatre Workshop, writing additional dialogue and music to shape the story (NYTC; Browne, 2019). In 2015, Mitchell met dramaturg Ken Cerniglia, who became another key collaborator in adapting the poetic folk concept album for stage (Mitchell, 2020, p. 4). The following summer, they had their off-Broadway debut at NYTC, before taking the show to Edmonton, Canada in 2017 for more workshopping (Mitchell, 2020, p. 5).

Damon Daunno as Orpheus and Nabiyah Be as Eurydice at New York Theatre Workshop

Krulwich, S. (2016, May 23). “Damon Daunno and Nabiyah Be in ‘Hadestown’” [Image]. The New York Times.

American Theatre Wing. (2016, Sept. 21). “Working in the Theatre: Casebook with Hadestown” [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/KkVS_m4l8Mo?si=XWgcaOSrIKjts9DH.

New York Theatre Workshop. (2019, June 20). “Damon Daunno & Nabiyah Be Perform ‘Wedding Song’ in HADESTOWN at NYTW” [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/A0SPEMF9dL4?si=x4i0s634BQotrb6Q

Bringing Hadestown to London

In 2018, the creative team took the show they eventually hoped would grace Broadway to the National Theatre in London, which Mitchell calls “one of the wonders of the world” (Mitchell, 2020, p. 6). Here, they cemented the core cast that would shape the roles: Eva Noblezada as Eurydice; Reeve Carney as Orpheus; André De Shields as Hermes; Patrick Page as Hades; and Amber Gray as Persephone (McPhee, 2018). The crew continued to sharpen the show and its production design in London, using their cast as their muses. 

Amber Gray as Persephone at the National Theatre in London

Maybanks, H. (2018, Nov. 15). “Hadestown” [Image]. Variety.

National Theatre. (2018, Nov. 9). “How We Made It |Why We Build the Wall in Hadestown | National Theatre” [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/KwoQxMP_G3c?si=IZf6yNVbE0lSFjz3.

WhatsOnStage. (2018, Nov. 14). “Hadestown, National Theatre, opening night | Eva Noblezada, Anais Mitchell, Rachel Chavkin” [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/bCA8k87j8YE?si=5DJLhLX3QBiK-KAc.

Hadestown on Broadway

Then, Hadestown was ready for Broadway. The company moved into the Walter Kerr Theatre – where Bruce Springsteen had just finished performing – for previews in March of 2019. Hadestown officially opened on April 17, 2019, to mass acclaim (Hetrick, 2019). Hadestown was nominated for 14 Tony Awards and won 8, including Best Musical and Best Original Score (Franklin, 2019). Mitchell made history as the first woman to win the Tony Award for both Best Score and Best Book for the same show. 

Eva Noblezada as Eurydice, André De Shields as Hermes, and Reeve Carney as Orpheus on Broadway

Murphy, M. (2019, May 18). “The cast of Hadestown, now on Broadway” [Image]. Vox.

theatermania. (2019, June 4). “Take a Tour Way Down Hadestown with Rachel Hauck and Rachel Chavkin” [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/mCWZsq6TIUY?si=uHuFLDv4nqTLF81X.

addyourself. (2019, Oct. 1). “Hadestown performs ‘Wait for Me’ at the Tony’s 2019” [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/MWtjGIV1sMQ?si=QOcalQjTOT-64Jh4.

Works Cited

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Musical Influences in Hadestown